A research instrument should capture each variable in terms of its conceptual or theoretical definition (Polit & Beck, 2012). The type of research instrument is decided based on reviewing the data needs. An extensive literature search will help the researcher to identify the appropriate instrument to be used. It is used to measure the study variables. The selection of a research instrument is a very crucial step in the research process. Instrument is the generic term that researchers use for a measurement device e.g., questionnaires, checklists. How to cite this article: Sathiyaseelan M. Keywords: research instrument, validity, reliability Whether, standardized or developed by the researcher, the validity and reliability has to be established before it is used. The credibility of an instrument depends on the validity and reliability. The selection of instrument is a very important part of the research process and is lengthy and involving various steps. Instruments are selected based on the research question. The common types of instruments used in the nursing studies are questionnaires and scales. There are different types of instruments based on the structure or format, purpose, nature, and availability. The research instruments are the tools that the researcher uses to collect data.
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